tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-59970235683087843612024-03-05T15:08:41.999-08:00Immigration Lawwww.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.comBlogger13125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-29917303969971984842011-09-01T12:21:00.000-07:002011-09-01T12:22:18.322-07:00Our Blog has MOVED!<br />
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www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-55511806857269326742011-03-25T07:42:00.000-07:002011-03-25T07:42:19.755-07:00What Every Employer Needs to Know about I-9's<!--[if !mso]> <style>
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</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 16pt;">What Employers Need to Know about I-9’s</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal">ICE penalties from worksite enforcement inspections increased to $5,300,000 in FY 2010, up from $1,033,291 in FY 2009, with average fines exceeding $110,000 </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">ICE criminally charged a record-breaking 180 owners, employers, managers and/or supervisors in FY 2010, up from 135 in FY 2008 and 114 in FY 2009.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal">ICE conducted more than 2,200 I-9 audits in FY 2010, up from more than 1,400 in FY 2009.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal">ICE debarred 97 business and 49 individuals in FY 2010, up from 30 and 53, respectively, in FY 2009.</li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">US Immigration and Customs Enforcement announced earlier this year that it has notified about 1,000 companies throughout the country that it will be auditing them to ensure they are not employing undocumented workers.<span> </span>The audits include employers in every industry across all 50 states.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal">Hiring an unauthorized worker can result in fines up to $5,500.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Improperly filed I-9 forms that are missing information can lead to fines up to $1,100 (even if the employee in question is legally authorized to work in the United States).</li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Knowingly committing or participating in document fraud can lead to fines up to $3,200 per document for the first offense and up to $6,500 per document for subsequent offenses.</li>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">On July 22, 2010, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) published a final rule amending the June 2006 interim regulations relating to I-9 forms.<span> </span>The final rule clarifies that the employer has 3 days from the <i>first day of work for pay</i> but not including the actual date of hire to complete Section 2 of the Form I-9; or, Thursday if the employee begins work on Monday.<span> </span>Most employers need not count weekends or federal holidays when determining its Form I-9 completion deadlines. Retailers and other similarly situated employers may still be held responsible for weekends and holidays if those days are ordinarily "days on which the employer conducts business" pursuant to 1997 INS guidance.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">USCIS now requires additional information to be recorded such as the DS-2019 and I-20 numbers.<span> </span>Employers with F, J & M employees clearly have additional work to do and more training to provide to HR staff.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span>For an H-1B employee’s Form I-94/I-94A issued for employment with a previous employer,</span></i><span> the employer<i> </i>should retain the following documents with the employee’s existing Form I-9 to prove filing for an extension of stay on the employee’s behalf:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span>• A copy of the new Form I-129<br />
• Proof of payment for filing a new Form I-129; and<br />
• Evidence that you mailed the new Form I-129 to USCIS</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Further, employers are not required to update Form I-9 when an employee changes his or her name, but they may nevertheless do so in Section 3. Employers may accept a document with a different name than what was entered in Section 1 (e.g., due to married name, compound name, or misspelling) as long as the employer is satisfied that the document(s) reasonably appear to be genuine and relate to the employee.<span style="font-size: 11pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span>When the employment is time limited, as in the case of aliens authorized to work for a specific period of time, the date of expiration must be noted and the I-9 revisited prior to that time so that it can be updated and the individual’s status re-verified in Section 3. Failure to do so can be financially costly to the employer who is audited by ICE and found to have unauthorized individuals on payroll.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span>The final rule clarifies the audit trail requirements such that an electronic Form I-9 system need not show every time a Form I-9 is viewed or accessed, but it must track any:</span></div><ol start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal">creation, </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">completion, </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">alteration, </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">update, or </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">other modification </li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal">of a Form I-9 by recording:</div><ol start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal">the date of access, </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">the identity of the individual taking the action, and </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">the particular action taken. </li>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span>If an electronic Form I-9 storage method is utilized, it must contain an <i>indexing system</i> that is comparable to a reasonable hardcopy filing system.<span> </span>Lastly, DHS addressed the requirement that electronic Form I-9 systems be capable of printing a transaction record that must be given to the employee at the time of Form I-9 completion. DHS did modify the regulation in part, however, by only requiring that a receipt be provided <span>when an employee requests it</span>. The receipt only needs to be issued within a reasonable time, and it may be transmitted via e-mail rather than printed. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 150%;">In Summary</span></u></b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">It is obviously a wise choice to pay meticulous attention to any new rules put forth by the DHS. Noncompliance can clearly result in a heavy financial burden—and no employer wants to face possible criminal prosecution. It is always in an employer’s best interest to diligently follow the DHS rules for I-9 compliance and to be fully informed about new updates and amendments to existing regulations. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</style> <![endif]--> <div style="border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid none; border-width: 6pt medium; padding: 31pt 0in 8pt;"> <div class="MsoQuote" style="border: medium none; line-height: normal; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Rehan Alimohammad is an Attorney and CPA.<span> </span>In the past two years our firm has given over 100 seminars in the areas of immigration law and tax law.<span> </span>Please visit our website at www.attorneyrehan.com, or call our offices at (281) 340-2074 or (800) 814-3920 for more information.</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Disclaimer:<span> </span>This article is not meant as specific advice regarding a person’s individual case.<span> </span>An attorney should be consulted.<span> </span>This article does not create an Attorney-Client relationship.<span> </span>Any tax information or written tax advice contained herein (including any attachments) is not intended to be and cannot be used by any taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding tax penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer.<span> </span>(The foregoing legend has been affixed pursuant to U.S. Treasury Regulations governing tax practice.)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: center;"><br />
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</style> <![endif]-->www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-7711525332716532192011-03-15T18:10:00.000-07:002011-03-15T18:12:14.896-07:00What is the L-1 Visa and How it Affects You<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid; text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 16pt;">L-1 Visa</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">What is the L-1 Visa</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">The L-1 visa is a non-immigrant or temporary visa. It is an intra-company transfer visa available to persons coming to work in the US for an employer <u>that is related to a company</u> the applicant worked for prior to entering the US. There are 2 main categories of L-1 visas that will be further discussed: L-1A and L-1B. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><br />
<b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Advantages of an L-1 Visa</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal">While there are a number of important requirements to qualify in this category, the category offers a number of advantages that make it worth considering over other types of visas including:</div><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal">there is no annual limit on the number issued, </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">the L-1 visa holder can apply for permanent residency while on an L-1 visa</li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal">L-1A’s can file in an employment based category (EB-1) which does <u>not require a labor certification</u> and is much quicker than other employment based categories.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">What are the Requirements for an L-1</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">The first requirement for the L-1 is for the applicant to have been employed abroad for one year of the last three for a parent, affiliate, or subsidiary of a US employer. Any time spent working in the US will <u>not</u> count toward the one year of required employment, though time spent in the US will not be considered to have disrupted the time of employment abroad. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Second, <u>the foreign firm and the US firm must have a “qualifying relationship.”</u> The US and the foreign firm must have common majority ownership, or, where there is less than majority ownership, common control by the same person or entity. </span><span style="color: black;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Lastly, the applicant must be coming as a manager, executive or specialized knowledge employee.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
<b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">L-1A</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">The L-1A category applies if the applicant is coming as a manager or executive. An “executive” is one who directs the management of the company or a major part or function of the organization. Typical executive positions are presidents, vice-presidents and controllers. An executive is expected to have a supervisory role in the company and would not include people who are primarily performing the specific tasks of production or providing service to customers. A “manager” directs the organization, a department, or a function of the organization. Like executives, a qualifying manager will not be overseeing the primary performance of a task. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"><br />
</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">L-1B </span></u></b><span style="color: black;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">The L-1B category applies if the applicant is not an executive or manager but has "specialized knowledge". Specialized knowledge refers to employees with</span><span style="color: black;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt;">a special knowledge of the company's products and their applications in world markets; </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt;">an advanced or proprietary knowledge of the company's processes or procedures. </li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">How long is an L valid for?</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Executives and managers may stay in L-1 status for up to seven years. Specialized knowledge employees may stay in L-1B status in the US for up to five years. The visas will be granted with an expiration of up to three years. Whether the visas are multiple entry or not depends on the applicant’s country of origin.</span><span style="color: black;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><u><span style="color: black;">Persons coming to open up a new office in the US will only be granted a one-year stay in the US.</span></u><span style="color: black;"> There are specific requirements for this situation and an attorney should be consulted. </span><span style="color: black;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"><br />
</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Other Issues</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">There are special procedures that make it easier for companies sending over large numbers of applicants to get L-1 visas for their employees. Companies that qualify can receive a “blanket approval” for all of their workers rather than having to apply to INS individually for each employee. To qualify for a blanket L petition, the company must meet the following tests:</span><span style="color: black;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt;">The US and foreign offices must be engaged in commercial trade or services; </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt;">The employer's US office must have been in business for at least a year; </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5pt; margin-top: 5pt;">The employer must have at least three domestic or foreign branches, subsidiaries, or affiliates; </li>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 5pt 0in;">The Employer must show one of the following: a) at least ten L-1 visas were approved in the last year; b) the company had US sales of at least $1 million, or c) the US work force numbers over 1,000 workers.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="text-decoration: none;"><br />
</span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Other Issues</span></u></b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">In 2005, a USCIS memo was released regarding changes that were made law in December of 2004. These changes prevent outsourcing of applicants on an L-1B visa to other U.S. companies. Also, the requirement of at least one year of employment in the past 3 years now applies to all L-1 workers. Previously, workers under a blanket L petition only needed to be employed for 6 months in the past 3 years.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div style="border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid none; border-width: 6pt medium; padding: 31pt 0in 8pt;"><div class="MsoQuote" style="border: medium none; line-height: normal; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Rehan Alimohammad is an Attorney and CPA. Our office handles all tax law and immigration law issues. Please visit our website at www.attorneyrehan.com, or call our offices at (281) 340-2074 or (800) 814-3920.</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div align="right" style="margin: 0in 9.5pt 0.0001pt 0in; text-align: right;"><br />
<span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Disclaimer: This article is not meant as specific advice regarding a person’s individual case. An attorney should be consulted. This article does not create an Attorney-Client relationship. </span></div>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-34999653869146647082011-03-10T20:33:00.000-08:002011-03-10T20:34:28.603-08:00H-1B Visa & its Requirements<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 16pt;">H-1B Visa & its Requirements</span></b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 16pt;">:</span><span style="color: #002060;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The H-1B is a <b>nonimmigrant</b> work visa for a person who will be employed <b>temporaril</b>y in a <u>specialty occupation</u> or as a distinguished fashion model. This means that an H-1B holder does not entitle the person to remain in the U.S. permanently nor does it provide the person with a green card. A person has to go through other means to obtain permanent residence.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The worker must be employed in a specialty occupation, which is defined as a job that requires application of specialized knowledge and at least the equivalent of a 4-year degree. Examples of specialty occupations are: architects, engineers, scientists, attorneys, etc.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The applicant for this H-1B visa<span style="font-size: 8pt;"> </span>must show 1) they possess such qualifications, as stated above, 2) the job is a specialty occupation, and 3) the employer has a need for such a position. The applicant does not need to show that there are no qualified U.S. workers. The “no able and qualified worker” requirement applies to labor certifications not in an H-1B application. However, there are other representations made to the Department of Labor including paying the prevailing wage.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Advantages of H-1B Visas</span></b><b><span style="color: #002060;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The H-1B visa is one of the few visas that allow<span style="font-size: 8pt;"> </span>dual intent. While the applicant is here in H-1B status, which allows them to stay temporarily, the person can also apply for something that will allow them to gain permanent residence. This means while on H-1B or applying for H-1B, the applicant can apply for a green card through a labor certification or other basis.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">This visa also allows the worker to work for the specific employer, and within the restrictions of the H-1B Visa. In other words, getting an H-1B<span style="font-size: 8pt;"> </span>Visa with employer A does not allow one to work for employer B or to be self-employed.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The visa also allows dependents to remain in status, on H-4 visa. The H-4 visa does not allow the dependent to work legally. One can remain in H-1B status for 3 year periods up to a maximum of 6 years, but can get one-year extensions beyond the 6 years if they meet certain requirements. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">How long to get an approval?</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Of course the time it takes to get an application approved varies depending on the place of employment and the strength of the application. Premium Processing is available for an extra USCIS/DHS fee of $1000, which guarantees that within 15 calendar days, the applicant will receive an approval, a denial, <b>or</b> a request for more evidence. Regular processing could take approximately 4-6 months. If the applicant is currently not in H-1B status, then they cannot work under valid H-1B status until the application is approved, and may have to wait until the new fiscal year of H-1B’s arrives.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Switching Employers</span></b><b><span style="color: #002060;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">If the applicant is currently in H-1B status, then most likely (depending on type of employer) the applicant does not have to wait for approval to start working for a different employer. They can start working for the 2<sup>nd</sup> employer upon filing for the new H-1B. Note that H-1B’s are employer-specific. The only advantage of switching from one employer to another is that the person can start working immediately for the 2<sup>nd</sup> employer upon filing (this rule is called AC21). However, <u>a new application does have to be filed by the 2<sup>nd</sup> employer</u>. <b>There is no such thing as transferring H-1B applications from one employer to another.</b> All of this also assumes that the applicant has not exceeded the 6-year period (and does not qualify for one year extensions). As always, an attorney should be consulted.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">The H-1B Cap</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The H-1B cap is a limit of how many new H-1B visas can be issued each fiscal year. The H-1B cap opens on April 1 each year. The general limit is currently 65,000. There is a separate cap, which is currently 20,000, for those who have a master’s degree or higher from a U.S. institution of higher education.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><u>People already in H-1B status are <b>not</b> affected by these caps</u>. So, it does not apply to any of the following situations:</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">1. Extending the amount of time a current H-1B worker may remain in the United States</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">2. Changing the terms of employment for current H-1B workers </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">3. Current H-1B workers wishing to change employers</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;">4. Current H-1B workers wishing to work concurrently in a second H-1B position</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Further, nationals of Singapore and Chile count towards a separate cap of 6,800 (5,400 for Singapore and 1,400 for Chile). </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Also, doctors working in underserved communities as a result of receiving a J-1 home residency requirement waiver sponsored by a state or federal agency are also exempt from the annual cap.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Lastly, if the alien will be employed at an institution of higher education, a related or affiliated nonprofit entity, a nonprofit research organization or a governmental research organization, these H-1B petitions are exempt from the caps.<span style="font-size: 10pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 11.5pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoBodyText"><br />
</div><div class="MsoBodyText"></div><div style="border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid none; border-width: 6pt medium; padding: 31pt 0in 8pt;"><div class="MsoQuote" style="border: medium none; line-height: normal; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt; font-style: normal;">Rehan Alimohammad is an Attorney and CPA. Our office handles all immigration law issues and tax law. Please visit our website at www.attorneyrehan.com, or call our offices at (281) 340-2074 or (800) 814-3920.</span></div></div><div class="MsoBodyText"><br />
</div><div class="MsoBodyText"><br />
</div><div class="MsoBodyText"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;">Disclaimer: This article is not meant as specific advice regarding a person’s individual case. An attorney should be consulted. This article does not create an Attorney-Client relationship. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"></span></div>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-52435251646017879342011-01-28T02:13:00.000-08:002011-01-28T02:13:31.231-08:00UCIS: H-1B Fiscal Year 2011 Cap Season<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnJPxvR5TDGn-8StKjRJK2O9HCpV_THW4dCps2PeBooT9o7A1Ev7QHAlvn-KIk1YVTvt66q1S3kNzCi_qVo9Nqo1bm4VsJqT4ILRRDtPwiesZ4MiYh7rZBjUqbZ_q2-seAaSPPDa1gpqfc/s1600/page0001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnJPxvR5TDGn-8StKjRJK2O9HCpV_THW4dCps2PeBooT9o7A1Ev7QHAlvn-KIk1YVTvt66q1S3kNzCi_qVo9Nqo1bm4VsJqT4ILRRDtPwiesZ4MiYh7rZBjUqbZ_q2-seAaSPPDa1gpqfc/s640/page0001.jpg" width="494" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirPkjDlq4lD862_xRO7pbwINKNU2kz5HJINtgjlPbNkEX8bnKZDAQLDYhoNC-L76myvtuosrhsrnfiLr01VfadlTEY4rG03Bib88FR1sghKzmBctxrgUXCBx2pBPjACk0Q8tUMmyxlOnAG/s640/page0006.jpg" width="494" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvSTbqxtwfYkM0Hv88TyhZFlH6XLR040hWfw9Ub1KvdBj6ndO-3E3Hafg5cb13bj_gzdmhEO47J_PVWwZ7I8wRk63QKcW7YQMkmVIxf5VQr41kim2I1yyby2PcFH_yqrik8eMMI2N82gp8/s1600/page0007.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvSTbqxtwfYkM0Hv88TyhZFlH6XLR040hWfw9Ub1KvdBj6ndO-3E3Hafg5cb13bj_gzdmhEO47J_PVWwZ7I8wRk63QKcW7YQMkmVIxf5VQr41kim2I1yyby2PcFH_yqrik8eMMI2N82gp8/s640/page0007.jpg" width="494" /></a></div><span id="goog_1869764383"></span><span id="goog_1869764384"></span>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-50082029118583281862010-12-18T15:59:00.001-08:002010-12-18T15:59:15.751-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: tahoma,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: large;"><strong>Final DREAM Vote Set for Saturday</strong></span></div><br />
<span style="font-family: tahoma,arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><br />
<div dir="ltr">On Thursday night Dec. 16, Senate Majority Leader Reid filed cloture on the Dream Act (H.R. 5281) setting the bill up for the critical "cloture" vote in the Senate expected on Saturday. The Senate will need 60 votes for Dream to move forward. </div></span>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-40304815498115102092010-12-10T12:35:00.001-08:002010-12-10T12:35:15.255-08:00<strong>Washington (CNN)</strong> -- Senate Democrats conceded Thursday they don't have the votes to pass the DREAM Act, a bill that would have offered a path to citizenship for some illegal immigrants who entered the United States as children.<br />
Democrats voted to pull the measure from consideration, a move that jeopardizes the chances for passing the hotly contested bill during the current lame-duck session of Congress that ends in early January.www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-24885487137456309202010-12-09T08:22:00.001-08:002010-12-09T08:22:28.033-08:00DREAM actYesterday the House passed the DREAM Act on a <a href="http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2010/roll625.xml" target="_blank">vote of 216 to 198</a>. The DREAM Act was added as <a href="http://www.aila.org/content/fileviewer.aspx?docid=33762&linkid=226421" target="_blank">an amendment to H.R. 5281</a>. The text of the House bill was filed on Monday night as <a href="http://capwiz.com/aila2/issues/bills/?bill=20649951" target="_blank">H.R. 6497</a>.<br />
<br />
<span>Senate to Vote TODAY at 11ET</span>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-54356299038376317372010-12-08T21:23:00.001-08:002010-12-08T21:23:28.081-08:00DREAM Act: Latest Version and News<div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The DREAM Act could come up for a vote Wednesday. The House states there are enough votes to pass. Senate actions depend on tax bill because Republicans say they will block everything this session if they don't get what they want on tax bill.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">The reason it has a real chance of passing: Outgoing Congressman have less reason to vote along party lines and Democrats know that with the shift of power coming January, this may be the last chance.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">There was a <strong>new version</strong> introduced last week in the Senate to try to get more Republican votes:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Must have entered the United States before the age of 16</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Must be <strong>between the ages of 12 and 30</strong> <strong>at the time of application</strong> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Requires applicants to pay all taxes. English language and civics requirements typically required for naturalization </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Good moral character requirement back to the date the alien entered the United States</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Must have been present in the United States for at least 5 consecutive years prior to enactment of the bill </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Provides a "safe harbor" from removal</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Requires 1 year to pass after it becomes law to become effective</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">If the DREAM Act passes <u>as proposed</u>, an undocumented individual meeting those qualifying conditions stated above, would have to do the following:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Apply for the DREAM Act and pay the fee (no estimate as to what it could be, 245i fee was $1000)</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Creates conditional nonimmigrant status for 10 years, followed by 3 years of LPR status prior to application for naturalization</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Once approved and granted, the individual would have to do one of the following:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Enroll in an institution of higher education in order to pursue a bachelor's degree or higher degree <strong>or</strong> Enlist in one of the branches of the United States Military </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Within x years of approval for conditional status, the individual must have completed at <strong>least</strong> two (2) years of one of the options outlined in the previous step </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"><span>n<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Once x years of conditional status has passed, the individual will then be able to apply for Legal Permanent Residency (dropping the conditional part) and consequently will be able to apply for United States Citizenship, which requires 5 years of permanent residency </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Of course, the terms and conditions will most likely change if it is passed by the House and Senate, because both versions have to be reconciled, but this is the current version so it gives us a good idea of what can happen.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Students who do not complete the requirements will be disqualified.<span> </span>Estimates show 2 million people would qualify under this ACT, but estimates also show that more than 60 percent -- nearly 1.3 million -- would not obtain legal status because of financial limitations, competing work and family time demands, low educational attainment and limited English proficiency.</div>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-29388324732646228262010-12-06T22:45:00.000-08:002010-12-06T22:45:18.766-08:00Individual Taxpayer Identification NumberTax Implications on Certain Immigrants and Non-Immigrants<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><u><b>ITIN’s</b></u></span><br />
Many believe that if they do not have a social security number, they are exempt from taxation. The ITIN (Individual Taxpayer Identification Number) is a 9-digit tax processing number issued by the IRS. ITIN’s are issued regardless of immigration status because both resident and non-resident aliens may have U.S. tax return and payment responsibilities under the Internal Revenue Code. ITIN’s do not authorize work in the U.S. or provide eligibility for social security benefits. An original passport is one of the 13 types of documents that are acceptable proof of identity and foreign status.<br />
<br />
IRS Publication 1915 states the following question: “Can I get an ITIN if I am an undocumented alien?” And it gives the answer: “Yes, if you are required to file a U.S. federal income tax return or qualify to be listed on another individual’s tax return, you must have either a valid social security number or an ITIN. If you are an undocumented alien and cannot get a social security number, you must get an ITIN for tax purposes.”<br />
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<u><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Resident Alien</b></span></u><br />
An individual who is not a U.S. citizen is classified as a resident alien if he meets 1)the lawful permanent resident test, 2)the substantial presence test, or 3)elects to be treated as a resident. The substantial presence test uses a complicated formula under which the individual is treated as a resident alien if they are present in the U.S. a) for at least 31 days during the current year, and b) for a total of 183 adjusted days under the formula.<br />
<br />
<u><b><span style="font-size: large;">Non-Resident Alien</span></b></u><br />
On the other hand, income of a non-resident alien that is not effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business is generally exempt from U.S. income tax unless it is from sources within the U.S. and falls within the definition of “fixed or determinable annual or periodical gains, profits, and income” (otherwise known as “FDAP”). FDAP includes wages and compensation, interest, dividends, rents and royalties received from U.S. sources, but does not include capital gains and other income realized from the sale of property. The tax on FDAP is applied at a flat rate of 30 percent and is usually collected by the payor of income who withholds this tax from the nonresident alien and remits the tax to the IRS. No deductions are allowed in arriving at the taxable amount.<br />
<br />
Salaries, wages and compensation from U.S. sources are included in FDAP and these payments are subject to either (i) the 30 percent withholding tax, or (ii) wage withholding on the same basis as U.S. citizens and residents. Wages, salaries and compensation are U.S. source if such payments relate to services performed in the U.S. However, if such compensation does not exceed $3,000 for a tax year the income is treated as foreign source, and not subject to withholding, if (1) the nonresident is temporarily present in the U.S.; (2) the nonresident is not present in the U.S. for more than 90 days during the tax year; and (3) the employer is either a foreign person not engaged in business in the U.S., or is a foreign office of a U.S. employer. Most students will fail to qualify for this exemption. Still, because the performance of services in the U.S. generally gives rise to the existence of a U.S. trade or business (and because nonresident student aliens holding F, J or M visas are always considered engaged in a U.S. trade or business), payments for such services are often not subject to the withholding tax and are instead taxed under the effectively connected income rules.<br />
<br />
Income of a nonresident alien that is effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business (otherwise known as “effectively connected income” or “ECI”) is subject to taxation on a “net basis,” meaning that the nonresident may take into consideration certain allowable deductions when computing taxable income. Additionally, tax is payable following the close of the tax year at normal, graduated tax rates.<br />
Items ordinarily included in FDAP are instead treated as ECI if one of two tests is satisfied. The first test is satisfied if the FDAP type income arises from assets used or held in the conduct of the U.S. business. The second test is satisfied if the activities of the U.S. trade or business were a material factor in producing such income.<br />
<br />
The U.S. has income tax treaties in effect with many countries. If you are a resident or citizen of such a country you may qualify for certain benefits that reduce or eliminate the need to withhold income or employment taxes.<br />
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<u><b><span style="font-size: large;">Foreign Students</span></b></u><br />
When determining the impact of U.S. income taxes on a foreign student, the analysis always begins with determining whether a student is a “resident alien” or “non-resident alien” for tax purposes.<br />
<br />
Since most school years start in August or September, most foreign students will likely not meet the substantial presence test above during their first year. Also, there is an exemption to the substantial presence test for students. A special form needs to be filed with the IRS to verify this exemption. If a person is determined to have violated their F, J, or M visa according to the IRS, they can lose this exemption. There are several exceptions to this exemption, so please call us at 281-340-2074 with any questions.<br />
<br />
Taxable scholarships and grants received by nonresident aliens are subject to the withholding tax if the payor of the scholarship or grant resides in the U.S.; however, the rate of tax is reduced to 14 percent. Generally, scholarships and grants are taxable to the extent not used for qualified expenses, which include tuition and fees required to enroll in school. Therefore, amounts used for living expenses are generally taxable. To the extent a scholarship or grant is provided by your educational institution, the school may actually withhold tax from that portion of the scholarship or grant payable towards expenses such as room and board. Ordinarily, nonresident students admitted to the U.S. under F, J or M visas that receive income from wages, tips, scholarships and grants are subject to tax as if such income is ECI.<br />
<br />
Foreign students who are treated as resident aliens are taxed on their worldwide incomes in a manner identical to that of U.S. citizens. Annual income tax returns must be completed and income tax should be paid to the U.S. government.<br />
<br />
<u><b><span style="font-size: large;">In Summary</span></b></u><br />
Non-Citizens with U.S. source income should always consider consulting with a qualified tax professional as the tax rules affecting these groups is unfortunately very complex.<br />
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</style> <![endif]--> <div style="border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid none; border-width: 6pt medium; padding: 31pt 0in 8pt;"> <div class="MsoQuote" style="border: medium none; line-height: normal; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Rehan Alimohammad is an Attorney and CPA.<span> </span>Our office handles all tax law and immigration law issues.<span> </span>In the past year we have successfully trained over 200 people, including Attorneys, CPA’s, and Enrolled Agents, on how to successfully resolve cases with the IRS and State Tax Agencies.<span> </span>Please visit our website at www.attorneyrehan.com, or call our offices at (281) 340-2074 or (800) 814-3920.</span></div></div><br />
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</style> <![endif]--> <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Disclaimer:<span> </span>This article is not meant as specific advice regarding a person’s individual case.<span> </span>An attorney should be consulted.<span> </span>This article does not create an Attorney-Client relationship.<span> </span>Any tax information or written tax advice contained herein (including any attachments) is not intended to be and cannot be used by any taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding tax penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer.<span> </span>(The foregoing legend has been affixed pursuant to U.S. Treasury Regulations governing tax practice.)</span></div>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-18127947735890245862010-12-06T22:33:00.001-08:002010-12-06T22:33:49.899-08:00Maintain Adjustment of Status<!--[if !mso]> <style>
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</style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="2051"/> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout v:ext="edit"> <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 16pt;">Maintaining Adjustment of Status</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">A permanent resident remains an alien in the United States.<span> </span>Therefore, it is still possible for a legal permanent resident (green card holder) to lose his or her permanent resident status.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">There are several ways in which a permanent resident can lose their adjustment of status. Some of these ways are described below.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Permanent Resident Abandons Residence</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">If a legal permanent resident (LPR) leaves the U.S. and it is decided that they have abandoned residence here, they may lose their status. Loss of LPR status could occur if the LPR accepts a permanent job abroad, if the LPR stays outside the U.S. for more than one year without a valid re-entry Permit, or if the LPR is otherwise found to have abandoned the PR's residence in the U.S.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">In determining whether you have abandoned your American residence, the DHS will consider a number of factors.<span> </span>You may be found to have <u>abandoned your permanent resident status</u> if you:</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal">Move to another country intending to live there permanently.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Remain outside of the U.S. for more than one year without obtaining a reentry permit or returning resident visa. <b>However, when determining whether your status has been abandoned, any length of absence from the U.S. may be considered, even if it is less than one year.</b> </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Remain outside of the U.S. for more than two years after issuance of a reentry permit without obtaining a returning resident visa. </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Fail to file income tax returns while living outside of the U.S. for any period. </li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Declare yourself a “nonimmigrant” on your tax returns.</li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Immigrants may lose resident status when they abandon the United States as their permanent home. Without the support of a continuing legal resident status, the green card becomes invalid even if the expiration date has not passed yet. Immigrants should consult an attorney to ensure that their travel or other plans do not legally indicate an intention to abandon resident status.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Criminal Convictions</span></b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">You may also lose your permanent resident status if you are convicted of a crime involving<u> moral turpitude or other serious offenses</u>. The quickest path to deportation is conviction of a serious crime. Serious crimes include, but are not limited to, those involving <u>moral turpitude</u>, <u>controlled substances</u>, and <u>prostitution</u>. Minor drug offenses may result in loss of permanent resident status as well. Due to the importance of the green card, if a holder is charged with a crime, they should consult an attorney and seek professional legal help immediately.<span> </span>And, if not </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">immediately picked up by DHS or placed in removal proceedings, you should definitely consult an attorney before traveling outside of the country.<span> </span>Often times, DHS is not aware of a person’s crime until they travel and attempt to re-enter. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">Examples of crimes that may affect your permanent resident status <u>include, but are not limited to:</u><b> </b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Crimes of Moral Turpitude – This covers many types of crimes and is usually a crime with an intent to steal or defraud; a crime where physical harm is done or threatened; a crime where serious physical harm is caused by reckless behavior; or a crime of sexual misconduct.<span> </span>This definition is changed almost daily by the courts and depends on the particular state law that is violated.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Multiple Criminal Convictions</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Conviction of two or more offenses regardless of whether the conviction was in a single trial, for which the combined sentences to confinement/jail were five years or more.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Conviction of two or more crimes involving moral turpitude, not arising out of a single scheme.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span>·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Serious Crimes including the following:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>A crime defined as an “aggravated felony,” (under Immigration Law) which includes crimes of violence that are felonies with a 1-year prison term</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Murder</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Terrorist activities</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Rape</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Sexual assault on a child</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Trafficking in drugs, firearms, or people</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>High Speed Flight – Non-citizens convicted of a crime relating to high speed flight from an immigration checkpoint</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Drug Abusers and Addicts</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";"><span>o<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Prostitution</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Lack of Eligibility for Permanent Resident</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">You may also lose your status if it is determined that you were ineligible for permanent resident status at the time you received it. This can happen if you received your permanent residence through fraud, etc.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after: avoid;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Losing U.S. Citizenship</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">There are a few ways in which US citizenship can be lost including:</span></div><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;">Serving in the armed forces of a foreign country if those armed forces are engaged in hostilities against the US</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;">Making a formal renunciation of US citizenship before a US consular officer or diplomat in a foreign country </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="color: black;">Committing an act of treason against the US</li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal">Each of these acts, however, must have been performed voluntarily and with the intent for renouncing that citizenship.<span> </span>Note, that becoming a citizen of another country (dual citizenship) does not lose a person’s U.S. citizenship unless certain strict requirements are met.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</style> <![endif]--> <div style="border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid none; border-width: 6pt medium; padding: 31pt 0in 8pt;"> <div class="MsoQuote" style="border: medium none; line-height: normal; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Rehan Alimohammad is an Attorney and CPA.<span> </span>Our office handles all tax law and immigration law issues.<span> </span>In the past year we have successfully trained over 200 people, including Attorneys, CPA’s, and Enrolled Agents, on how to successfully resolve cases with the IRS and State Tax Agencies.<span> </span>Please visit our website at www.attorneyrehan.com, or call our offices at (281) 340-2074 or (800) 814-3920.</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;">Disclaimer:<span> </span>This article is not meant as specific advice regarding a person’s individual case.<span> </span>An attorney should be consulted.<span> </span>This article does not create an Attorney-Client relationship.<span> </span></span></div>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-54397511739312667512010-12-03T10:13:00.001-08:002010-12-03T10:13:52.890-08:00Connection Between Immigration and Criminal Law<div class="post-header"> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;">Immigration and criminal law are two completely separate areas of law that are occasionally intertwined.<span> </span>Unfortunately for many immigrants, the potential immigration implications of a criminal conviction are often overlooked.<span> </span><b>A seemingly minor criminal offense can have devastating immigration implications.</b><span> </span>As a result, it is extremely important to be aware of any immigration implications when pleading to a criminal matter, or facing potential criminal penalties.<span> </span>This article will discuss the immigration implications that stem from common criminal issues.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Domestic Violence</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><u>Domestic violence crimes can be grounds for being removed from the United States</u> if they are classified as crimes of violence.<span> </span>Under some states’ criminal law, for a domestic violence crime to be considered a crime of violence the defendant must intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly cause bodily injury to another in the form of physical pain, illness, or any impairment of physical condition.<span> </span><b><span style="color: #002060;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;">Domestic violence offenses are often committed against a spouse, an individual with whom the person shares a child, an individual who is living with or has lived with the person as a spouse, or a person who is similar to a spouse.<span> </span>Domestic violence crimes can also qualify as crimes involving moral turpitude where the crime involves bodily injury to one’s spouse or family member.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Drug Offense</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;">Almost any drug related conviction will render an alien inadmissible to the United States.<span> </span>The only exception is a single offense of simple possession of 30 grams or less of marijuana for one’s own personal use.<span> </span><b>Even if</b> the controlled substance violation is a <b>low-level misdemeanor</b>, an alien can still be exposed to severe immigration implications.<span> </span>Federal courts have held that two convictions of simple possession of marijuana will qualify as an aggravated felony subjecting an alien to deportation.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Assault</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;">Unless classified as a crime of violence, simple assault and battery usually does not qualify as a crime involving moral turpitude or an aggravated felony.<span> </span>However, aggravated assault and battery can be classified as a crime involving moral turpitude or an aggravated felony.<span> </span>To be an aggravated assault or battery case, typically the defendant would have to cause serious bodily injury on the victim or use or exhibit a deadly weapon during the commission of the crime.<span> </span>A conviction for an aggravated assault or battery may render an alien inadmissible.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Theft</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;">Theft crimes are very common, but can be potentially disastrous to one’s immigration status depending on the classification of the theft offense.<span> </span>Theft crimes involve the criminal intent to deprive the owner of their property and therefore are considered to involve moral turpitude.<span> </span>Under certain states’ law, a theft crime involving less than $50 of stolen property is considered a Class C misdemeanor.<span> </span>A theft crime involving stolen property worth less than $500 but more than $50 is considered a Class B misdemeanor for which the terms of punishment can be as much as 180 days in jail.<span> </span>A theft crime involving stolen property of more than $500 but less than $1,500 qualifies as a Class A misdemeanor, invoking a maximum prison sentences of one year. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b>Being convicted for a theft offense where the term of imprisonment is at least 1 year qualifies as an aggravated felony under immigration law</b>.<span> </span>As a result, if an alien is convicted of Class A misdemeanor theft, they could be rendered inadmissible as a result of committing an aggravated felony or a crime involving moral turpitude.<span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">DWI</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;">A single alcohol related offense will typically not trigger serious immigration implications.<span> </span>However, a pattern of alcohol related crimes can make an alien inadmissible for health related grounds.<span> </span>For immigration purposes, a conviction for driving while under the influence of alcohol (DWI) can be especially significant if one is a green card holder attempting to apply for naturalization.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;">An essential requirement for becoming a naturalized citizen is establishing good moral character during the preceding five years prior to applying for citizenship.<span> </span>A single DWI conviction during that period could prevent an alien from gaining citizenship, and multiple DWI convictions during the five year statutory period would almost certainly prevent an alien from establishing the good moral character requirements necessary to naturalize. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Conclusion</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;">While criminal and immigration law are two unique areas of law, it is not uncommon for them to occasionally merge.<span> </span>Therefore, when facing the prospects of an impending criminal matter while your immigration status is temporary, not secure, or even if you’re a green card holder and plan to travel outside of the US, it is critically important to be aware of the potential immigration implications.</div><div style="border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid none; border-width: 6pt medium; padding: 31pt 0in 8pt;"> <div class="MsoQuote" style="border: medium none; line-height: normal; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Rehan Alimohammad is an Attorney and CPA. <span> </span>Our office handles all immigration law issues and tax law. Please visit our website at www.attorneyrehan.com, or call our offices at (281) 340-2074 or (800) 814)-3920.</span></div></div><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;">Disclaimer:<span> </span>This article is not meant as specific advice regarding a person’s individual case.<span> </span>An attorney should be consulted.<span> </span>This article does not create an Attorney-Client relationship.<span> </span></span></div>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5997023568308784361.post-34390455863390232572010-12-03T09:13:00.000-08:002010-12-03T09:13:25.259-08:00Connection Between Immigration and Family Law<!--[if !mso]> <style>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Immigration and family law are two completely separate areas of law that are occasionally intertwined.<span> </span>Unfortunately for many immigrants, the potential immigration implications of a family law issue are often overlooked.<span> </span>As a result, it is extremely important to be aware of any immigration implications when handling a family matter.<span> </span>This article will discuss the immigration implications that stem from divorce.<b><span style="color: #002060;"></span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><u><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><br />
</span></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">Divorce</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">The most common family related issue that immigration lawyers deal with is divorce.<span> </span>When an individual gains immigration benefits as a result of marriage, the dissolution of that marriage can cause the termination of the individual’s immigration benefits.<span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Divorce, in the immigration arena, usually happens during one of three phases: applying for adjustment of status to gain permanent residency, applying for removal of conditions to become a full green card holder, or applying for naturalization to become a citizen.<span> </span>If an individual gains immigration benefits as a result of marriage, but gets divorced at any of the above mentioned phases, their immigration status may be jeopardized.<span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">At Green Card Stage</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">When two people get married and one applies for a green card based on that marriage, the key determination United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) makes is whether the parties intended to establish a life together at the time of their marriage.<span> </span>If the couple can prove they intended to establish a life together at the time of their marriage, they can typically overcome any immigration hurdle or accusation of a sham marriage.<span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">If, however, the couple gets divorced before the applicant receives their green card, the applicant will have difficulty proving that the relationship was entered into in good faith.<span> </span>Without an accompanying spouse at the green card interview, the applicant will have to provide a tremendous amount of supporting documentation to prove the relationship was legitimate, including co-habitation, co-mingling of funds, joint bank accounts, pictures, insurance policies, etc…</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">The Board of Immigration Appeals has held, however, that an adjustment of status application may not be denied solely because the marriage is no longer viable and the parties are not living together if it was not fraudulent or a sham marriage at its inception and the parties are not legally separated or divorced.<span> </span>In order to deny an individual a green card on the basis of a marriage, USCIS will have to demonstrate evidence that the marriage was fraudulent or a sham marriage, or evidence showing the couple was divorced or legally separated at the time the adjustment of status application was filed.<span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">At Conditional Residence Stage</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">When an individual is approved for permanent residency based on marriage, they are issued a conditional green card (assuming the couple files within 2 years of marriage).<span> </span>A conditional green card provides the same rights that a full green card provides (employment, travel, etc…), however the conditional green card holder must apply to have the conditions removed within 90 days of the two year anniversary of having received the conditional green card.<span> </span>At that time, the conditional green card holder will have to demonstrate that the marriage is still valid.<span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Often times, however, a couple will get divorced while the individual is in conditional resident status.<span> </span>When this happens, the individual may still apply to have their condition removed as long as they prove they entered the marriage in good faith by establishing the legitimacy of the marriage through various supporting documentation.<span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">The applicant should show the couple co-habitated together (lease agreements), co-mingled funds (bank and credit card statements), filed joint tax returns, joint utility bills, took out life insurance policies for one another, and have photographs together from vacations or other activities.<span> </span>The clearest proof of a good faith marriage, however, is sharing a child together.<span> </span>If a couple has a child together, but later gets divorced, it is extraordinarily unlikely that USCIS will determine the marriage was not entered into in good faith.<span> </span>Having a child together will almost certainly erase all doubt of the legitimacy of a marriage.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #002060; font-size: 14pt;">At Naturalization Stage</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">An individual who has a green card based on marriage has the right to apply for naturalization 90 days before the 3 year anniversary of the issuance of their green card.<span> </span>This is in contrast to all other green card holders who must wait 90 days before the 5 year anniversary of their green card before they can apply for citizenship.<span> </span>If the applicant and their spouse divorce prior to the applicant filing for naturalization, the applicant will no longer be eligible to apply for naturalization after 3 years of valid green card status and must wait the 5 years.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Divorce is never easy on the wife, husband, their families, and especially any children who may be involved.<span> </span>It can be even more problematic for an individual who gained an immigration benefit based on marriage.<span> </span>As a result, it is critically important to know the immigration implications of filing for divorce if you or your spouse has benefited from immigration laws designed to unite and sustain families.<span> </span></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>ZH-CN</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> </div><div style="border-color: rgb(79, 129, 189) -moz-use-text-color; border-style: solid none; border-width: 6pt medium; padding: 31pt 0in 8pt;"> <div class="MsoQuote" style="border: medium none; line-height: normal; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal;">Rehan Alimohammad is an Attorney and CPA.<span> </span>Our office handles all immigration law issues and tax law.<span> </span>Please visit our website at www.attorneyrehan.com, or call our offices at (281) 340-2074 or (800) 814)-3920.</span></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Disclaimer:<span> </span>This article is not meant as specific advice regarding a person’s individual case.<span> </span>An attorney should be consulted.<span> </span>This article does not create an Attorney-Client relationship.<span> </span></span></div>www.attorneyrehan.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409983257273148499noreply@blogger.com0